For decades Penn State was considered special, immune from the corruption of college athletics by virtue of Joe Paterno’s high ideals, long list of victories and even longer list of graduates.

Now, to many people outside Penn State and even some insiders, that’s been exposed as an illusion.

A blistering report released Thursday found Paterno helped hush up allegations of child sex abuse against a former assistant that went back more than a decade, sacrificing the ideals he preached to protect his football program. Paterno, former FBI Director Louis Freeh said, was “an integral part of this active decision to conceal.”

“I doubt anybody could have imagined this. In eight months, he’s gone from St. Joe to something approaching the devil,” said Frank Fitzpatrick, a Philadelphia Inquirer columnist and author of two books on Paterno and Penn State, including a biography last year, “Pride of the Lions.”

“The contrast between the ethical standards we always associated with Joe and the complete lack of them in how this was handled — if what the Freeh Report says is true, and I have no reason to doubt it is, to sacrifice kids for the reputation of a football program, that’s pretty despicable. I can’t imagine anything more shocking than that.”

Nike announced it was stripping Paterno’s name from the child care center at its headquarters in Beaverton, Ore., not even six months after founder Phil Knight drew a thunderous ovation for an impassioned defense of major college football’s winningest coach at his memorial service. There was renewed clamor online to remove Paterno’s statue outside Beaver Stadium, and USA Today columnist Christine Brennan called on Penn State to drop football for at least a year until the university has addressed the failings that led to the scandal.

There could still be more fallout from court cases — criminal charges against two administrators, civil suits from victims of Jerry Sandusky — and the NCAA has yet to decide whether it will weigh in on the scandal.

“A statue should be the least of someone’s worries at this point,” Penn State’s former star linebacker LaVar Arrington said on his radio show in Washington, D.C. “A name on a building should be the least of someone’s worries.

“On the one hand, Joe messed up. Joe was not perfect, Joe was not God. Joe was a person, and he messed up. … On the other hand, if you’re looking at everything Joe has done and all the lives he’s impacted and all the things he’s done … that still remains as well. So how do you separate the two? I don’t know. I don’t have the answer for that one, I really don’t.”

Until last fall, Paterno symbolized all that was right about college athletics. His teams won, but he didn’t sacrifice his standards to do it. Penn State’s graduation rates were impeccable, his players were as good off the field as they were on, and his financial support of the university often had nothing to do with the football program.

Even after the November arrest of Sandusky, the architect of Penn State’s ferocious defenses and Paterno’s one-time heir apparent, many were hesitant to put too much blame on Paterno or let his one failing outweigh all his good deeds. Paterno acknowledged before his January death that he should have done more after a then-graduate assistant told the Hall of Fame coach he’d seen Sandusky assaulting a child in the Penn State showers in 2001, but insisted he had no knowledge of any accusations prior to that.

But the stark horror of Freeh’s report was impossible to ignore.

Freeh’s firm, hired by university trustees to investigate how the scandal happened, found that Paterno, and three other administrators — president Graham Spanier, athletic director Tim Curley and vice president Gary Schultz — “repeatedly concealed critical facts relating to Sandusky’s child abuse.” Handwritten notes and emails portray Paterno as being involved in a decision by the officials not to tell child welfare authorities about a 2001 encounter, while other emails show Paterno closely followed allegations made against Sandusky in 1998.

At a news conference, Freeh called the officials’ disregard for child victims “callous and shocking.”

“We should look at (Paterno) as a willing enabler of a convicted child molester,” Brennan said. “I absolutely understand and respect the past. The games he won, the number of players he graduated, that’s a tremendous record. This supercedes all of that. … What happened to these children because of Joe Paterno — it’s because of Jerry Sandusky first and foremost. But Joe Paterno did not stop it and he enabled it, and that’s just tragic.”

Sandusky is awaiting sentencing after being convicted last month on 45 criminal counts of abusing 10 boys. Paterno died of lung cancer in January, two months after school trustees fired him for what they called a failure of leadership.

“I always thought he knew. To what extent, that was the only question,” said Brad Benson, a former Penn State offensive lineman who won a Super Bowl with the New York Giants. “I thought that anyone who didn’t think he knew was pretty naive. Joe knew pretty much everything going on there.”

Those closest to Penn State believe Paterno, though not perfect, is being made a scapegoat, with no way to refute the accusations.

“It’s easy to vilify or blame someone who’s not alive to defend himself,” said Tim Sweeney, president of Penn State’s official Football Letterman’s Club.

“There is no way Paterno would have covered actions as heinous as Sandusky’s up,” said Mickey Shuler, who played tight end for Paterno from 1975 to 1977. “No matter the cost to him or his program.

“Joe Paterno always taught us that whatever you are, be a good one. Whatever you’re at, whatever you do, leave a place better for having been there. That’s the thing he taught,” Shuler said. “So to have people say that he’s done something wrong, it’s really upsetting.”

But that misses the point, Benson said.

“There’s no way out of this to make it a good story. It’s a shame,” Benson said. “But we’re being selfish saying it’s a shame. It’s a shame for these kids. Penn State will recover, these kids won’t.”