NEW YORK — Mobile advertising accounted for more than half of Facebook’s total ad revenue in the final quarter of last year, a sign that the social network born a decade ago in the desktop computer era is succeeding in its goal of being “mobile first.”

Facebook’s earnings and revenue handily surpassed Wall Street’s expectations for the third quarter in a row as it further expands the number of users and the amount of money it makes on mobile ads.

“If 2012 was the year where we turned our core product into a mobile product, then 2013 was the year where we turned our business into a mobile business,” CEO Mark Zuckerberg said in a conference call with analysts. “I expect 2014 will be the year where we begin to deliver new and engaging types of mobile experiences.”

Facebook Inc. said Wednesday that it earned $523 million, or 20 cents per share, in the October-December quarter. That’s up from $64 million, or 3 cents per share, a year earlier.

Revenue grew 63 percent to $2.59 billion, from $1.59 billion. Facebook’s stock soared 12 percent after the results came out.

Facebook Inc., which turns 10 years old next week, had 1.23 billion monthly users worldwide at the end of 2013. Of those, 757 million signed in at least once a day, up 22 percent from a year earlier.

Fifty-three percent of Facebook’s ad revenue came from mobile in the quarter, up from 49 percent in the third quarter.

Facebook reaped nearly 6 percent of the world’s digital ad revenue in 2013, up from 4 percent in 2012, according to research firm eMarketer.

Google accounted for a 32 percent share of the market in 2013.