DETROIT — Americans gave automakers a confidence boost in January. They bought more cars and trucks and showed a still-fragile auto industry that they were ready to replace their clunkers in 2011.

Sales of cars and light trucks in the United States rose 17 percent from a year earlier to 819,895. That’s still below the 1 million sold in January 2008, before most people felt the impact of the recession, but better than the last two years, when January sales fell below 700,000.

Nearly all big car companies reported double-digit gains for the month, a sign that the slow recovery in U.S. auto sales that began in 2010 remains on track. While the recovery could falter if turmoil in the Middle East pushed up gas prices or unemployment stays high, the industry was happy with what it saw last month.

“January signals a good start to the year for us, for the industry, and we think it’s a good sign for the overall U.S. economy,” said Don Johnson, vice president of U.S. sales for General Motors Co.

Car buyers went shopping for just about everything. Sales of recently redesigned SUVS such as the Jeep Grand Cherokee and Ford Explorer were strong. People also snapped up small cars such as the Nissan Versa and Honda Fit.

Pickup sales remained robust, continuing a streak that began last year thanks to growing demand from construction crews and other small businesses. Ford F-Series sales rose 30 percent. Crossovers, which combine the roominess of SUVs with car-like handling, also did well. Sales of the Chevrolet Equinox, for example, rose 35 percent.

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Last January, rental-car companies and other businesses fueled the recovery in auto sales as they began to restock their fleets after the recession. But last month, individual buyers propelled sales.

GM said its sales to individuals rose 36 percent, while its fleet sales fell 7 percent. Ford Motor Co. saw a similar trend.

January sales for the industry hit an annual rate of 12.6 million when adjusted for seasonal changes, a good start to a year in which many analysts expect sales of around 13 million. Last year automakers sold 11.6 million cars and trucks in the United States

Deals are helping move the metal. Car companies threw in more discounts in January, with incentives hitting an average of $2,576 per vehicle, said Jesse Toprak, vice president of industry analysis at car pricing site TrueCar.com. Toyota Motor Corp. and Honda Motor Co. increased their incentives by 40 percent.

The lowest interest rates in decades also spurred sales. Banks and finance companies have loosened up on credit in recent months, and people with good scores can get annual interest rates as low as 4 percent on car loans, said Paul Ballew, a former chief economist at GM who is now at insurance firm Nationwide. Plus, automakers are subsidizing loans so the rates fall even lower, cutting monthly payments.

“If you’re paying more than more than 2 to 3 percent on a loan, you’re probably not shopping hard enough,” Ballew said.

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Fuel costs aren’t a major factor in what customers are buying, because people have adjusted to rising gas prices, Toprak said. Prices were hovering around $3.10 per gallon at the end of last month, 44 cents higher than a year earlier. But they could be a bigger factor for car buyers if they hit $4 a gallon. Toprak said that’s likely given recent unrest in Egypt and other parts of the Middle East.

GM and Chrysler Group LLC led the way in sales last month, each reporting 23 percent increases compared to last January.

GM’s Cadillac brand saw a 49-percent increase thanks to demand for the new CTS coupe, which went on sale last fall. GM also sold 321 sales of the Chevrolet Volt, an electric car with a backup gas engine. The only other electric car on the market, the Nissan Leaf, sold 87 for the month.

Toyota Motor Corp. recovered from January 2010, as sales rose 17 percent. Last January, it lost an estimated 20,000 sales after it recalled eight models because of defective gas pedals. Toyota struggled to regain customers all last year, but now says it’s keeping them — and stealing them from other brands.

Toyota truck sales rose 37 percent for the month, led by the RAV-4 small SUV. Car sales were up 15 percent. The Corolla compact and Prius gas-electric hybrid each rose more than 20 percent.

Ford sales rose 9 percent, partly because of a significant decrease in fleet and partly because of the discontinuation of the Mercury brand at the end of last year. Ford sold 248 Mercurys in January, 5,000 fewer than the same month a year earlier.

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Other automakers reporting sales Tuesday:

Hyundai Motor Co. said sales rose 22 percent. Sales of the revamped Sonata sedan, which went on sale early in 2010, nearly doubled in January, while sales of the newly redesigned Elantra rose 26 percent.

Honda Motor Co. said sales rose 13 percent. The CR-V was Honda’s top-selling model as sales rose 69 percent. Honda also increased its incentives by 45 percent, to $2,074 per vehicle, the biggest jump in the industry, according to Toprak.

Nissan Motor Co. sales rose 15 percent on the strength of its Rogue crossover, which saw sales jump 72 percent.

 


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