BERLIN — German Chancellor Angela Merkel said Wednesday that the European Union will make every effort to avoid a trade war with the United States, and underlined her country’s commitment to raise defense spending gradually – another point of contention with Washington.

President Trump’s administration has imposed tariffs on EU steel and aluminum imports and is mulling whether to add tariffs on cars, trucks and auto parts, something that could be painful for Germany and its major auto industry.

Chancellor Angela Merkel makes points Wednesday during a budget debate at the German parliament. Associated Press/Markus Schreiber

“It is worth every effort to try to defuse this conflict so that it doesn’t turn into a real war, but of course there are two sides to that,” Merkel told the German parliament, noting that the head of the EU’s Executive Commission, Jean-Claude Juncker, will soon travel to the U.S.

She said the good functioning of the world economy depends on countries working together as partners, and she also questioned the value of measuring surpluses and deficits by trade in goods alone. If digital services were included, she said, it’s likely that the U.S. would have a trade surplus with Europe.

“It is almost old-fashioned only to count goods and not to count services,” she said.

The U.S. is also pressing Germany over what it considers insufficient defense spending ahead of NATO’s July 11-12 summit in Brussels. In 2014, NATO allies agreed to stop cutting defense budgets, start spending more as their economies grew and move toward a goal of devoting 2 percent of GDP to defense within a decade.

In a message to skeptics, Merkel said, “we can’t act as though the issue of defense weren’t a pressing one in our time.”

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