Maggie Shannon has a passion for protecting lake quality, both around her home and statewide.

George MacDonald is passionate about recycling and enthusiastic about composting.

Both environmental protectors from the Belgrade area recently received awards for their work from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

At 79, Shannon, who is on medical leave as executive director of the Maine Lakes Society, formerly the Maine Congress of Lake Associations, was given an individual award.

She took up her lake-protector role in 1999 when she and her husband retired to family property on Great Pond in Rome.

“It was a place – after a lot of travel – that meant the most to me,” she said.

Shannon threw herself into the stewardship of Great Pond. “I began to learn the science behind lake quality and degradation, and it became fascinating,” she said.

She now focuses much of her time on LakeSmart, a statewide “education and reward program for lakefront property owners who maintain their homes in ways that protect lake water quality and property values,” according to its website.

LakeSmart has about 750 volunteers.

“The state is mandated by the federal government to protect its water, and it needs to protect all great ponds,” Shannon said.

The state has 2,314 great ponds. The remainder of the almost 6,000 lakes are too small to earn that designation.

“Of the seven Belgrade lakes, all of them are considered at risk,” Shannon said. “Three are considered to be impaired.”

This summer $1 million was spent to restore the clarity of East Pond.

“That’s going to give them 20 years,” she said, calling it “insurance” against having to do it sooner. “The more we can stop the runoff from getting into the lake, the longer we have to preserve the water quality.”

The idea, she said, is to catch the lakes before the water quality is threatened.

An assessment of the shoreland around Great Pond is underway because that lake is considered impaired as well.

“These are lakes that since the 1880s have been heavily publicized, and people … have been drawn here for vacation,” Shannon said. “They are the engine of the economy, plain and simple.”

Jennifer Jespersen, who has been on the Maine Lakes Society board of directors for 10 years and is the president, said via email: “Maggie is an incredibly inspiring and tireless advocate for Maine lakes. She has an innate knack for motivating people to get off their seats and make a difference – one property, one shoreline and one lake at a time. She is a force to be reckoned with at the Legislature, a master educator on all issues related to lakes, and a mentor to many.”

A news release from the EPA says: “The state LakeSmart Program reached about 30 lakes when it started to derail under budget constraints in 2011. Under Shannon’s leadership, the Maine Lake Society took over the program in 2012 and since it has spread to over 50 lakes. Shannon also has worked promoting legislation and policies to benefit Maine lakes. Recently, she worked with environmental organizations to promote a bond referendum that would provide $5 million … for tackling runoff pollution.”

MacDonald, 64, who retired from the Maine Department of Environmental Protection in March 2014, received a lifetime environmental merit award at a ceremony at Fanueil Hall in Boston for his 40-year career in protecting the environment.

“I’ve been involved in trash for a long time,” he said.

George MacDonald stops at the Belgrade Transfer Station Thursday. He is a leader in recycling and composting in Maine and is retired from the Maine Department of Environmental Protection.

He is continuing to work with issues related to recycling as well as the Maine Composting School, which has a weeklong session in mid-October at Highmoor Farm in Monmouth.

“We teach the science of composting and the art of composting,” he said, comparing it to baking a cake. “We start out with a recipe that looks like it will work and we may end up tweaking it, maybe adding a little more water than we thought we would need or adding a little more nitrogen or a little more carbon to help dry it up a little bit. That’s the art of composting. It may look good on paper, but in reality it might not be as perfect as we hoped.”

The school teaches thermophilic composting, which involves using heat-loving bacteria to break down biological waste. MacDonald said they shoot for temperatures between 135 and 150 degrees Fahrenheit to allow the microorganisms to do the decomposition.

Early in his career he was Brunswick’s solid waste director and astounded by “the stuff that was being thrown away.” He succeeded in reducing the volume of materials going to a landfill.

MacDonald’s experience gives him perspective on the current crisis involving the quality of recycled materials being accepted by China.

That country recently banned 24 kinds of recyclable materials and limited the amount of contamination levels in mixed paper to 1 percent, leaving recycling firms scrambling for buyers for mixed paper and mixed plastics.

“We’ve had these hiccups in the past, and we’ll recover,” MacDonald said.

MacDonald cited the current state recycling rate as 36.5 percent to 38 percent. “People are making the effort,” he said, adding, “There’s always room for improvement.”

He remarked on what the industry terms “the evolving ton” or the changing waste stream.

“What our waste stream consisted of 30 years ago is not what it consists of today. Back then it was 7 percent newsprint,” MacDonald said. That’s dropped to 3 percent.

“People are going to electronic media,” he said. “There’s less paper being generated except for corrugated cardboard, and that’s because of online shopping.”

He also noted that solid waste has been redubbed “materials management” in an effort “to get people to look at what they’re no longer needing as a resource for somebody else.”

The EPA release notes that MacDonald spent 10 years with the federal Soil Conservation Service working with agricultural producers to conserve and improve soil and water resources. He was director of the Office of Waste Reduction and Recycling and managed solid waste programs at the State Planning Office and special projects in the office of the DEP commissioner. Since 2012 he has directed the Division of Sustainability for the DEP.

Dale Mitchell of Perry, a member of the Passamaquoddy Tribe-Sipayik, also received an individual award from the EPA.

The news release cites Mitchell’s establishment of the Passamaquoddy Tribal Brownfields Program in 2007, saying he “immediately incorporated it into the fabric of the tribe’s Environmental Department and its mission ‘to preserve, protect, restore, and enhance all tribal lands, water, air and human health and to develop means to monitor and enforce tribal environmental policies.’ Since then, Mitchell has managed 13 Superfund grants and established a brownfields program that has done site assessments, inspections, and cleanups and has become the tribe’s primary resource for addressing a range of environmental issues.”

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