Teambuilding, collaboration and developing independence are part of the new skills and abilities that young people can learn at camp. But as camp leaders, counselors and campers all know, camp can also involve conflict. Whether it’s sharing living space, feeling bullied, teased or dealing with hurt feelings, campers don’t always get along.
It’s often the job of counselors to address these disagreements and help campers to not only feel heard, but to achieve a satisfying resolution.
In the middle of last summer, more than 60 counselors and counselor candidates from seven Maine youth camps benefited from the expertise of renowned camp consultant and Phillips Exeter Academy faculty member Chris Thurber, Ph.D. Thurber’s credentials include more than three decades of service at New Hampshire’s Camp Belknap, co-founding the online camp instructional program Expert Online Training and many years of teaching and supporting youngsters at Phillips Exeter. In an afternoon workshop at girls’ Camp Wawenock in Raymond, Thurber presented “Collaborative Problem Solving: Overcoming Skills Deficits to Durably Prevent Problem Behavior.”
Counselors from Camp Runoia, Camp Wawenock, Winona Camps, Camp O-AT-KA, Camp Timanous, Wohelo Camps and Wyonegonic Camps had the chance to work together to discuss and practice the problem-solving strategies that Thurber presented.
“We’re giving you practice with skills or endowing you with a new set of skills to add to your repertoire,” Thurber said.
As Thurber explained, collaborative problem solving differs from approaches that use rewards and punishments in addressing behavior. It promotes “durable change” in problem solving abilities. And it does so, Thurber explained, by teaching essential skills.
In groups of three and four, the workshop participants worked together to identify the conflicts campers sometimes face. Through role-playing exercises, Thurber helped the participants work through the problem-solving steps, perhaps different from the conflict resolution strategies with which they were familiar.
The top priority, Thurber shared with participants, is to keep kids safe through some form of intervention. But youngsters’ needs demand other behaviors by counselors, he said. Counselors need to speak calmly and must “provide genuine empathy.” Youngsters may not be accustomed to this approach, Thurber said. The extension of empathy by leadership in the context of conflict may seem unusual.
In their first role-play, group members enacted a scene of conflict, and one member approached them expressing empathy. Thurber said the simple statement of empathy, without the offer of any advice or solution, helps to lay the initial groundwork for effective problem solving.
“No one wants advice until they feel understood,” Thurber told the group. Statements such as “I can understand that you’re frustrated,” or “I understand you’re upset,” can set the tone for effective resolution, he said.
“Kids aren’t expecting empathy,” Thurber said. In fact, he said, their default responses are often that if a grown-up wants to spend time with them, they assume they are “in trouble.”
Empathy is neither a lecture nor a consequence, he said.
The problem-solving strategy then prompts the counselor to ask the campers what they want and need. Identifying such wants and needs is best achieved by simply posing the question to all campers involved, Thurber said.
It is also important to note the potential trigger for campers’ behavior, as well as any skills deficits. As the creators of the Collaborative Problem Solving model – Harvard’s Ross W. Greene and J. Stuart Ablon – have asserted, adolescents may have difficulty regulating emotions, labeling their emotions or making thoughtful decisions.
Counselors should also state what they want and need, Thurber said, as well as propose a “win-win” solution to the conflict. Finally, it is appropriate to consider skills deficits, he said.
This model of resolving conflict is effective for a variety of reasons, Thurber said. A major factor is the fact that it provides the individuals in conflict with a “sense of agency and ownership.”
Rather than telling youngsters that they’ll face punishment or consequence, Thurber said “It is more attractive to say to kid, ‘what you want is reasonable and we will work hard to be sure you get it.’”
And while collaborative problem solving takes time, it has long-term benefits that other strategies might lack.
“What you’re teaching them about conflict resolution is going to stick. There won’t always be a staff member there,” Thurber said.
Just like that at home or school, conflict at camp is an inevitable outcome of living in community. Whether it arises on the sports field, in the cabin or dining hall, or during unstructured play time, conflict among campers can serve as an opportunity to learn new skills and grow emotionally and intellectually. Thurber’s presentation gave participants a different look at approaching camper conflict. He taught them how to collaborate with young people to achieve a satisfactory resolution to immediate conflict, but Thurber also shared the value of teaching them a range of skills that can minimize future disagreements.
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