NEW YORK — Companies around the world spent a record $5.03 trillion on acquisitions in 2015, according to Dealogic, as slow worldwide economic growth and low interest rates pushed companies to combine forces.
Corporate deal-making has roared back to life as the Great Recession has faded from view. Dealogic says the value of global deals rose more than 30 percent in 2014 and again in 2015. The highest price came in November, when Pfizer and Allergan announced the biggest pharmaceutical deal in history. Here are the 10 largest acquisitions announced during the year:
Pfizer and Allergan
Pfizer, the maker of cholesterol fighter Lipitor, impotence treatment Viagra and fibromyalgia drug Lyrica, agreed to buy Allergan. The $148.57 billion deal would be the second-largest corporate merger ever. It would give Pfizer control of Botox and move the company’s headquarters to Ireland, cutting its taxes. Pfizer also would become the world’s largest drugmaker in terms of sales.
AB InBev and SABMiller
The biggest beer maker in the world wants to get even larger. The company behind Budweiser, Corona and Stella Artois agreed to buy the maker of Miller Genuine Draft and Peroni for $105.56 billion in October. The move would expand AB InBev’s business in Africa, Asia and other key developing markets. As part of the deal, SABMiller agreed to sell the Miller brand to Molson Coors.
Royal Dutch Shell and BG Group
When Royal Dutch Shell agreed to buy BG Group in April, oil prices had taken a steep fall from their 2014 highs. But they were going to get a lot worse. Oil and gas company Shell agreed to buy BG Group for $69.83 billion to expand its liquid natural gas business. Natural gas prices have tumbled since then, and in December they reached their lowest levels in 16 years.
Dell and EMC
In October, PC maker Dell agreed to pay $65.97 billion for EMC, which makes data storage hardware and sells cloud storage and security products. Dell’s personal computer sales have been weak for years, but the company has been expanding its software and service businesses. Dell was taken private in 2013 by founder and CEO Michael Dell.
Dow Chemical and DuPont
Dow Chemical agreed to buy competitor DuPont in a deal that will combine two chemicals companies that were founded in the 19th century. Both Dow and DuPont were pushed by activist investors to break up or find other ways to revitalize their businesses. When the $62.38 billion deal closes, Dow DuPont will make products such as Ziploc bags, Saran wrap, Teflon coatings and Nylon and Kevlar fibers. Dow DuPont will then break into three separate companies with more specific focuses.
Charter Communications and Time Warner Cable
Charter Communications agreed to buy Time Warner Cable for $56.80 billion in May, and it will also spend about $10 billion to buy Bright House Networks. That will make Charter one of the largest providers of TV and Internet services in the U.S. Cable provider Comcast tried to buy Time Warner in 2014, but the U.S. government opposed that deal.
Heinz and Kraft Foods
One of the largest food companies in the world was formed when H.J. Heinz bought Kraft Foods for $53.83 billion. The purchase, which was announced in March and closed in July, brought together brands such as Oscar Meyer, Capri Sun, Ore-Ida, Maxwell House, Kool-Aid and Heinz ketchup. The tie-up was engineered by Warren Buffett’s conglomerate Berkshire Hathaway and Brazilian investment firm 3G Capital.
Anthem buys Cigna
A wave of health insurance combinations swept the market in July as Anthem announced it would buy Cigna for $51.93 billion just after Aetna said it would buy Humana for $35.04 billion. Anthem is the second-largest U.S. insurance company in terms of enrollment, and Cigna is fourth. The combined company would cover almost 50 million people.
EBay spins off PayPal
Online commerce giant eBay spun off its payments system unit PayPal for $49.16 billion in July. That was almost a year after eBay announced PayPal would become a separate company. Investors value PayPal more highly than its former parent, as PayPal has a market capitalization of about $45 billion compared with eBay’s $33 billion.
Teva buying Allergan Generics
Teva, an Israeli company that is already the world’s largest manufacturer of generic drugs, will get even bigger by buying the generic drugs business of Botox maker Allergan. Teva had been looking to expand, as earlier in the year it pushed to buy generic drugmaker Mylan. It dropped that bid after agreeing to its $40.5 billion deal with Allergan.
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